Difference between revisions of "PUMA 500"

From RoboWiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Popis)
(Linky)
 
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 83: Line 83:
 
== Linky ==
 
== Linky ==
  
 +
* [http://www.robotika.sk/projects/pumarobot/PumaGallery.html Galéria obrázkov nášho robota].
  
<h3>PUMA Robot</h3>
+
'''Technický popis'''
  
 +
* [http://www.robotics.utexas.edu/simulations/Subjects/Robotics/Puma%20Dynamic%20Control/index.htm UNIMATE Puma 562 MARK III] stručný popis.
  
<dl>
+
* [http://www.rpautomation.com/Robotspecs/robotspecs2.htm PUMA Robot Specifications] stručné charakteristiky celej rodiny Puma robotov.
Technický popis
 
  
<dd>UNIMATE Puma 562 MARK III - strucny popis
+
'''Firmy, servis a podpora'''
        </dd><dt><a href="http://www.robotics.utexas.edu/simulations/Subjects/Robotics/Puma%20Dynamic%20Control/index.htm" add_date="1169658539" last_visit="1169664044" last_modified="1169664053" icon="data:" last_charset="windows-1252" id="rdf:#$GE1N51">Puma Dynamic Control</a>
 
</dt>
 
  
 +
* [http://pages.prodigy.net/tridentrobotics/ Mark V Automation Corp. PUMA] Firma zabezpečuje servis a podporu pre Unimation PUMA roboty.
 +
 +
* [http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/%7Evoyles/ Puma retrofit] Puma retrofit project
  
<dt><a href="http://www.rpautomation.com/Robotspecs/robotspecs2.htm" add_date="1169663932" last_modified="1169663957" id="rdf:#$i2DSl1">PUMA Robot Specifications</a>
+
* [http://www.roboticsonline.com/public/articles/details.cfm?id=729 PUMA Robot Becomes Part of American History] Správa o zaradení robota do múzea Smithsonian.
</dt><dd>Strucne charakteristiky celej family
 
  
        </dd>
+
* [http://www.roboticsonline.com/public/articles/index.cfm?cat=299 PUMA Robot Pioneers] Fotografia tvorcov robota
  
 +
* [http://www.rpautomation.com/ RP Automation]  Your Puma Robot Specialists
 +
RP Automation is dedicated to the highest standards of excellence and service of Puma robots.
 +
With 24 hour availability, we are un-surpassed in customer satisfaction.
  
Firmy, servis a podpora
+
* [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/%7Edeadslug/puma.html Unimation PUMA Info]
  
<dt><a href="http://pages.prodigy.net/tridentrobotics/" add_date="1169644747" last_visit="1169662819" last_modified="1169662919" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$tE1N51">Mark V Automation Corp. PUMA</a>
+
'''Software'''
</dt><dd>Unimation PUMA Support company
 
        </dd>
 
  
<dt><a href="http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/%7Evoyles/" add_date="1161072108" last_visit="1169663797" last_modified="1169663813" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$uUjzK1">Puma retrofit</a>
+
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Assembly_Language PUMA Variable Assembly Language] - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
</dt><dd>Puma retrofit project
 
        </dd>
 
  
 +
* [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~deadslug/puma.html Unimation PUMA Info] - vela linkov nefungovalo
  
 +
'''Nadšenci'''
  
<dt><a href="http://www.roboticsonline.com/public/articles/details.cfm?id=729" add_date="1169640234" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$oE1N51">PUMA Robot Becomes Part of American History at the Smithsonian - Robotics Online</a>
+
* [http://bobodyne.com/web-docs/robots/Puma560/ Brynn's Puma 560]
  
</dt><dd>Robotics Online is a full-service news and information site for industrial robotics. Published by Robotic Industries Association (RIA), the site is rich in case studies, technical papers and articles. Its Buyer's Guide has a product finder and clickable maps for suppliers and integrators. An Ask the Experts forum makes Robotics Online a top resource for manufacturing best practices. The Career Center section connects top employers and job seekers in the robotics industry. Established in 1974, RIA is the only North American trade association organized exclusively to promote the robotics industry.
+
* [http://dsz123.net/Projects/RobotArm/ dsz123] Puma u dalsieho nadsenca
        </dd>
 
  
<dt><a href="http://www.roboticsonline.com/public/articles/index.cfm?cat=299" add_date="1169640214" last_visit="1169640222" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$nE1N51">PUMA Robot Pioneers - Robotics Online</a>
+
'''Aplikácie a výskum'''
</dt><dd>Robotics Online is a full-service news and information site for industrial robotics. Published by Robotic Industries Association (RIA), the site is rich in case studies, technical papers and articles. Its Buyer's Guide has a product finder and clickable maps for suppliers and integrators. An Ask the Experts forum makes Robotics Online a top resource for manufacturing best practices. The Career Center section connects top employers and job seekers in the robotics industry. Established in 1974, RIA is the only North American trade association organized exclusively to promote the robotics industry.
 
        </dd>
 
  
<dd>RP Automation is dedicated to the highest standards of excellence and service of Puma robots. With 24 hour availability, we are un-surpassed in customer satisfaction.
+
* [http://lci.isr.ist.utl.pt/projects/puma/index.html ICLab at ISR] - PUMA 560 Testbed. An open control architecture has been implemented to allow the development of advanced control algorithms for a PUMA 560.
        </dd><dt><a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/%7Edeadslug/puma.html" add_date="1169644680" last_visit="1169664056" last_modified="1169664076" icon="data:image/x-icon;base64,AAABAAEAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAFgAAACgAAAAQAAAAIAAAAAEACAAAAAAAQAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA////AICAgAAAAIAAgACAAMDAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQEBAQEBAQEBAgMEAQEBAQEBBQIBAgIFAgEBAgUBAQEBAQUFBQICAgEBAQUCAQEBAQEBAQUCBQEBBQECAgEBAQEBAQEBAQEBBQMFAwEBAQEBAQEBBQUBBAQDAwUBAQEBAQEBAgIDAwQEAwIBAQEBAQEBAQEBAgMDAwMFAQEBAQEBAQEBAwMDAwMDAwUBAQEBAQEBAgUCAwEDAwMDBQEBAQEBAQUBBQQBAwMDAwQBAQEBAQEBAQUFAQMDAwMDAQEBAQEBAQEDAQEBAQUDBAIBAQEBAQEEBQEBAQEBAgMFAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQUDBQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEFBQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$sE1N51">Unimation PUMA Info</a>
 
  
</dt>
+
* [http://www.barello.net/Papers/Motion_Control/index.htm Motion Control also for PUMA?]
  
Software
+
* [http://www-lar.deis.unibo.it/equipments/puma/index.html#photo Puma 562] Simulation and Control of a Puma Robot.
  
 +
* [http://pumapaint.rwu.edu/PumaPaint.html Puma Paint] Puma robot painting online
  
<dt><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Assembly_Language" add_date="1169647473" last_visit="1169663753" last_modified="1169663061" icon="data:image/x-icon;base64,AAABAAEAEBAQAAEABAAoAQAAFgAAACgAAAAQAAAAIAAAAAEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAEAgQAhIOEAMjHyABIR0gA6ejpAGlqaQCpqKkAKCgoAPz9/AAZGBkAmJiYANjZ2ABXWFcAent6ALm6uQA8OjwAiIiIiIiIiIiIiI4oiL6IiIiIgzuIV4iIiIhndo53KIiIiB/WvXoYiIiIfEZfWBSIiIEGi/foqoiIgzuL84i9iIjpGIoMiEHoiMkos3FojmiLlUipYliEWIF+iDe0GoRa7D6GPbjcu1yIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIiIgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA" last_charset="UTF-8" id="rdf:#$yE1N51">PUMA Variable Assembly Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</a>
+
* [http://helix.gatech.edu/Students/SiouxWill/ourproject.html PUMA robot project]. Interfacing Force/Torque sensor on Puma 500
</dt>
 
 
 
<dd>VAL is a computer-based control system and language designed specifically for use with Unimation Inc. industrial robots.
 
        </dd><dt><a href="http://www.rpautomation.com/" add_date="1169644369" last_visit="1169663819" last_modified="1169663849" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$qE1N51">RP Automation: Your Puma Robot Specialists</a>
 
</dt>
 
 
 
 
 
<dd>http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~deadslug/puma.html
 
Unimation PUMA Info - vela linkov nefungovalo</DD>
 
 
 
Nadšenci
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://bobodyne.com/web-docs/robots/Puma560/">Brynn's Puma 560</a>
 
</dt><dd>Robot Puma 560 u nadsenca Brynna </dd>
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://dsz123.net/Projects/RobotArm/">dsz123 - Robotic Arm PUMA</a>
 
</dt><dd>Robotic Arm u dalsieho nadsenca
 
        </dd>
 
 
 
Aplikácie a výskum
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://lci.isr.ist.utl.pt/projects/puma/index.html" add_date="1169663580" last_visit="1169663959" last_modified="1169663972" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$h2DSl1">ICLab at ISR - PUMA 560 Testbed</a>
 
</dt><dd>An open control architecture has been implemented to allow the development of advanced control algorithms for a PUMA 560, notably:
 
        </dd>
 
 
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://www.barello.net/Papers/Motion_Control/index.htm" add_date="1169644811" last_visit="1169664032" last_charset="windows-1252" id="rdf:#$uE1N51">Motion Control also for PUMA?</a>
 
        </dt>
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://www-lar.deis.unibo.it/equipments/puma/index.html#photo" add_date="1169639747" last_visit="1169663759" last_modified="1169663795" last_charset="ISO-8859-15" id="rdf:#$mE1N51">Puma 562</a>
 
</dt>
 
 
 
 
 
<dd>Simulation and Control of a Puma Robot
 
        </dd><dt><a href="http://pumapaint.rwu.edu/PumaPaint.html" add_date="1169663200" last_visit="1169663264" last_modified="1169663224" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$6VCSl1">Puma Paint</a>
 
</dt><dd>Puma robot painting online
 
        </dd>
 
 
 
<dt><a href="http://helix.gatech.edu/Students/SiouxWill/ourproject.html" add_date="1169647421" last_visit="1169663262" last_modified="1169663289" last_charset="ISO-8859-1" id="rdf:#$xE1N51">PUMA robot project</a>
 
</dt><dd>Interfacing Force/Torque sensor on Puma 500
 
        </dd>
 

Latest revision as of 13:48, 6 February 2007

Občianske združenie Robotika.SK sa stalo hrdým majiteľom vyradeného exemplára robota Puma radu P-500. Ako vidno na obrázkoch, je to robot mladík, vyrobený v roku 1983, najazdených má zhruba 1210 hodín. Robota vyrobila britská pobočka americkej firmy Unimation, riadiaca jednotka bola upravená fínskou firmou NOKIA (áno, tá Nokia). Dôvodom na úpravy bola predovšetkým iná napájacia sieť ako v Amerike (220/11O V) a doplnenie galvanicky oddelených vstupov a výstupov. Robot je bumbrlíček so spotrebou asi 1,5 kW.

Robot je zrejme funkčný, ale zatiaľ sme ho nezapojili. Určite však nefunguje v plnom rozsahu, pretože jedna z dosiek výkonových obvodov je zhorená. Aj v minulosti koncové stupne odchádzali, ako vidno aj na obrázkoch, výkonové tranzistory boli nahrádzané TESLA KD 503.

Robot bol pôvodne používaný na výskumné účely v Slovenskej akadémii vied (SAV), okrem iného dokázal v spolupráci s vizuálnym systémom pohybovať figúrkami na šachovnici.

Zaujímavé je, že riadiaca jednotka obsahovala dvojjadrový (!) procesor od firmy Digital. Celá riadiaca jednotka bola postavená na základe počítača PDP?

Každý pohon robota má zabudovaný jednosmerný elektromotor s potenciometrickým snímačom polohy a inkrementálnym snímačom. Každý pohon riadila samostatná doska analógového servozosilňovača, ktorá bola riadená jedným číslicovým servozosilňovačom. Ten komunikoval priamo s procesorom.

Robot sa programoval v jazyku VAL (Variable Assembly Language). Jeho interpret je uložený v pamäti EEPROM, zadaná postupnosť príkazov môže byť uložená napr. na 5 1/4 palcovej diskete. Druhý spôsob riadenia spočíva v manuálnom učení, kedy sú motory vypnuté, obsluha môže ručne prejsť cez potrebné body a všetky požadované trajektórie sa priebežne ukladajú do pamäti.

Ďalšie technické údaje pribudnú postupne po preštudovaní manuálu.


História

Všetko začalo v roku 1969, kedy Victor Scheinman (Stanford University) vymyslel tzv. Stanfordské rameno, robota so šiestimi stupňami voľnosti, s komplet elektrickými pohonmi. Návrh mal realizovať pohyby podobné ľudskej ruke. To umožnilo presné sledovanie určenej trajektórie a otvorili sa možnosti k náročnejším aplikáciám. Pre priemysel bola zaujímavá preovšektým montáž a zváranie oblúkom. Neskôr Scheinman navrhol ďalšie rameno pre laboratórium umelej inteligencie na MIT ("MIT arm"). Návrhy potom odkúpila firma Unimation, kde ich ďalej rozvinuli podporovaní firmou General Motors a začali rameno predávať pod názvom Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly (PUMA). Robot bol komerčne veľmi úspešný, okrem iného je to asi najznámejší priemyselný robot používaný univerzitami. Firma Unimation ich vyrábala dlho, neskôr ich odkúpila firma Westinghouse a napokon so stratou predali švajčiarskej firme Staubli.


Popis

PUMA robot má 6 stupňov voľnosti a je primárne určený na priemyselnú montáž a zváranie. Celý systém sa skladá z ramena a riadiacej jednotky.

PumaArm.jpgPumaControl.jpg

Mechanická časť - rameno - je tvorená systémom šiestich osí, každú ovláda jeden jednosmerný elektromotor s permanentým magnetom a prevodovkou. Každý pohon má zabudovaný aj inkrementálny snímač a potenciometer. Riadenie robota spočíva v riadení polohy a rýchlosti všetkých šiestich kĺbov. Zmenu polohy a informáciu o rýchlosti získava systém z inkrementálnych snímačov. Potenciometre slúžia hlavne na určenie absolútnej polohy a na inicializáciu. Elektromotory vprvých troch kĺboch majú zabudovanú z bezpečnostných dôvodov aj elektromagnetickú brzdu, ktorá je aktívna pri vypnutom zdroji energie, takže pri náhlom výpadku energie sa rameno nezvalí ale ostane v pevnej polohe.

PumaArm1.jpg

Na konci ramena je pneumatické chápadlo, umožňujúce manipuláciu s predmetmi. Nevýhodou je potreba stlačeného vzduchu pre chápadlo.

PumaGrip.jpg

Linky

Technický popis

Firmy, servis a podpora

RP Automation is dedicated to the highest standards of excellence and service of Puma robots. With 24 hour availability, we are un-surpassed in customer satisfaction.

Software

Nadšenci

  • dsz123 Puma u dalsieho nadsenca

Aplikácie a výskum

  • ICLab at ISR - PUMA 560 Testbed. An open control architecture has been implemented to allow the development of advanced control algorithms for a PUMA 560.
  • Puma 562 Simulation and Control of a Puma Robot.